This is a glass. This is a glass too. This is also a glass.
They are both glasses but they are not the same. They ar not the same, they are different.
What is the difference? What is the difference between these two glasses? What is the difference?
They are different sizes. They are different sizes.
This glass is bigger, bigger than this glass.
This is the big glass.
This glass is smaller than this glass.
This is the small glass.
This is the big glass. This is the small glass.
Tom, would you pick up the big glass?
Sure
Would you pick up the small glass?
Sure.
This is a glass too.
This glass is smaller than this one and smaller than this one.
This is the smallest, the smallest glass.
This glass is bigger than this glass and this glass is smaller than both of these.
This is the biggest glass. This is the biggest glass.
These are all glasses but they are different sizes.
Tom, would you pick up the small glass?
Ok, which one?
The smallest glass.
Oh, the smallest glass. Ok.

These are both apples, they're both green apples.
They're the same colour and they're the same kind of apples.
The same colour and the same kind, but what's the difference, what's the difference between the two apples?
Oh, this one is bigger than this one. This one is smaller than this one.
This is the big apple. This is the small apple.
These are all apples. These are apples.
What's the difference? What's the difference between these apples?
Well, they're different colours, they're different colours and they're different kinds of apples.
I don't know the name of this kind of apples.
This is a green apple and this type, this kind is called a red apple.
They're different kinds and they're different colours.

These are red onions.
They're both the same kind of onion, red onions, and they're both the same colour. They're both red.
What's the difference?
Well, one of them, one of the onions is bigger than the other one.
This one is bigger than this one.
This one is smaller than this one.
This one is the big onion, this one is the small onion.
They're different sizes, they're different size onions.
This is the big one, this is the small one.
These are onions, these are all onions.
What's the difference in these onions?
These are different kinds of onions.
This is a red onion. This is a yellow onion (I think, I think that's the name, "yellow onion").
This is a scallion. This is a kind of onion. This is a white onion.
They're all onions but they're different kinds of onions.
That's the difference, they're different kinds of onions.

These are glasses. These are both glasses.
What's the difference?
What's the difference between this glass and this glass.
This glass is a different shape. The bottom is a different shape.
This is a square. This glass is square, this is square on the bottom.
This glass, this glass is round on the bottom. This glass is round.
They're different shapes.
This glass is square. This glass is round.
They're both glasses, but the difference is the shape.
They're different shapes.

Tom, would you pick up the square glass?
Sure, there you go
Would you pick up the round glass?
Sure
They're different size, but they're different shapes.
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This is a glass too = This is also a glass
S+V+C+ too.
S+V+ also + C

z is small = z is little
X is big
X is bigger than y
X is bigger than y and y is bigger than z X is the biggest and z is the smallest.

COMPARATIVO (+-er)

BIG BIGGER
London is bigger than Florence.
(Londres es más grande que Florencia)

SUPERLATIVO (+-est)

BIG The BIGGEST
New York is the biggest city in the USA.
(Nueva York is la ciudad más grande de los Estados Unidos)

This is a glass too = This is also a glass = Esto también es un vaso. Fíjate que las dos construcciones significan exactamente lo mismo, sólo cambia el lugar que ocupa el TOO o el ALSO dentro de la frase.
Big = grande
Small = pequeño
Square = cuadrado
Round = redondo
Bottom = fondo
Shape = forma
This glass is bigger than this glass = Este vaso es mayor (más grande) que este vaso.
This is the big glass, this is the small glass = Este es el vaso grande, este es el vaso pequeño.
This glass is bigger than that glass, but it's smaller than that glass = Este vaso es más grande que ese vaso, pero es más pequeño que aquel vaso. (ese o aquel se dicen igual en inglés, THAT).
This is the biggest. This is the biggest glass = Este es el más grande. Este es el vaso más grande. (igual que ocurre en español, el superlativo y el comparativo pueden usarse solos o acompañando a un sustantivo).

The big glass Recuerda que en inglés el adjetivo se coloca delante del sustantivo.

Fíjate bien cómo se forman el comparativo y el superlativo de los adjetivos en inglés. Con los adjetivos de una síblaba (que son los que hemos visto aquí), añaden una terminación (-er, -est) y a menudo (no todas las palabras) doblan la última consonante antes de añadir la terminación. El superlativo usa el artículo THE (el más), como en español. Nota también las conjunciones que usamos cuando comparamos con otro o con un grupo: THAN para el comparativo y normalmente IN para el superlativo. THAN se pronuncia algo así como "den" pero la vocal es tan floja que casi no se oye, y el primer sonido se pronuncia poniendo la punta de la lengua entre los dientes, no detrás de ellos.

Pronunciación de la TH

La escritura TH en inglés se puede pronunciar de dos maneras, según la palabra, pero en ambos casos se hace con la punta de la lengua entre los dientes:
1- Como la pronunciación de la Z en el español de España (como en "zapato"). Suena parecido a la F pero se pronuncia con la punta de la lengua entre los dientes. Esta es la pronunciación, por ejemplo, en la plabra inglesa THANK YOU.
2- Igual, pero suave, como la segunda D de la palabra "dedo". Esta segunda pronunciación, que llamaremos la TH suave, es la del artículo THE y la de la conjunción THAN o los demostrativos THIS, THAT.