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7-I) Phrasal verbs
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Before reading this video, read the explanations to understand what a phrasal verb is. Then watch this video and try to understand the phrasal verbs they use here.
Use the dictionary to help you understand the phrasals on the video (Spanish speakers will find a translation on the video).
You have some slideshows about phrasals at Links.
Primero lee las explicaciones para entender lo que es un verbo frasal, luego mira este vídeo que trae ejemplos de frasales (traducidos al español) y luego mira las presentaciones de diapositivas de Links.
RESUMEN DE LAS EXPLICACIONES
Un verbo frasal es un verbo + partícula, donde la partícula cambia el significado del verbo original un poco o mucho:
look = mirar
after = detrás
look after = cuidar
blow = soplar
off = partícula que expresa separación
blow off = explotar
Los verbos frasales pueden ser de tres clases, y cada clase usa una estructura diferente:
INTRANSITIVOS 
no tienen objeto directo
- I get up at 9:00 = me levanto a las 9
TRANSITIVOS tienen objeto directo
Estos verbos pueden llevar el objeto detrás del verbo o detrás de la partícula, pero si usamos un pronombre siempre lo ponemos entre el verbo y la partícula.
- turn on the lights = turn the lights on (= enciende las luces)
- turn them on = enciéndelas (no se puede decir: turn on them)
PREPOSICIONALES tienen una preposición que introduce un complemento preposicional. Como la preposición pertenece tanto al verbo como al complemento, la única posición posible es:
Verbo + Preposición + complemento preposicional
- I'm looking for Susan = estoy buscando a Susan.
Por desgracia no hay reglas que te digan si un frasal es transitivo o preposicional, así que lo único que puedes hacer es saber la diferencia y fijarte cómo se usa cada verbo. Si tienes un buen diccionario te marcará la diferencia o te pondrá ejemplos para que lo veas.
1- Phrasal verbs: introduction (slideshow)
2- Phrasal verbs: examples (slideshow)
3- Phrasal verbs: more examples (slideshow)
4- Phrasal verbs: and yet more examples (slideshow)
Report mistakesPHRASAL VERBS
A phrasal verb is a verb followed by a particle (an adverb or a preposition). The particle changes the meaning of the verb, sometimes a little, sometimes a lot:
- look + for = look for = search
- calm down = relax
- blow off = explode
- get away = escape
- give up = stop doing something
- get up = rise from bed
- turn on = connect an electrical thing
Phrasals can be intransitive (they have no object), transitive (they have an object) or prepositional (they have a preposition introducing a prepositional phrase). The structure of the sentence is different:
INTRANSITIVE PHRASAL VERBS
- I get up at 9:00
- Please, calm down!
TRANSITIVE VERBS
The object may be after the verb or after the particle, but when we use a pronoun, it's always between the verb and the particle:
- turn on the lights when you leave the house
We can say turn on the lights = turn the lights on
But we have to say turn them on
PREPOSITIONAL VERBS
The preposition is part of the verb (because it changes its meaning), but it's also part of the prepositional phrase, so we can't move the preposition, the order is always VERB + PREPOSITION + PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE:
- I'm looking for Susan
- I'm looking for her
(you can't say: I'm looking Susan for OR I'm looking her off)
Now, the $1000 question: How do I know if a phrasal verb is transitive or prepositional? Pay attention
Sorry, there are no rules, you have to pay attention.
