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9-J) Obligation
Time: 0:36
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To express obligation we have two verbs in English: have to & must
On this video, they use the phrase HAVE TO GO 3 times, can you find them? Put your hand up when you hear it.
- What's the situation right now, on this road trip. What... we were just...We were just at McDonald's, what did you just say?
- I have to go to the bathroom.
- You have to go to the bathroom?
- Yeah
- We were just at McDonald's like 5 minutes ago
- Yeah
- Why don't you stay there when we were there?
- ++++
- What? Take that chicken ring out of your mouth.
- 'Cause I didn't have to* then.
- But you have to go five minutes later.
- Yeah
- Ok. That's the story of my life.
- Bye.
to = to go to the bathroom
'cause I didn't have to then = because I didn't have to go to the bathroom at that moment.
En este vídeo utilizan la frase HAVE TO GO tres veces, ¿puedes localizarlas? Levanta la mano cada vez que la oigas.
- I have to go to the bathroom = tengo que ir al baño
En inglés hay dos formas de expresar obligación: Must y Have to.
Actualmente no suele haber diferencia entre ambas formas y la gente las usa indistintamente, aunque la forma MUST suena más rotunda.
- You must stay here = tienes que quedarte aquí
- You have to stay here = tienes que quedarte aquí
Sorry, I have to go = Sorry, I must go = Lo siento, tengo que irme.
------ FORMAS COLOQUIALES -------
HAVE GOT TO
Esta forma se usa sobre todo en Inglaterra:
Sorry, I've got to go = lo siento, me tengo que ir
Have you got to do it? = ¿lo tienes que hacer?
GOTTA
Esta forma se usa sobre todo en América (suena parecido a "gara"):
Sorry, I gotta go = lo siento, me tengo que ir
FORMAS NEGATIVAS
Hay varias maneras de negar una obligación, pero tienen diferentes matices:
- You mustn't tell a secret = no puedes contar un secreto (prohibido)
- You can't park here = no puedes aparcar aquí (prohibido)
- You shouldn't park here = no deberías aparcar aquí (consejo)
Compara:
- You can go = puedes irte (te doy permiso)
- You can't go = no te puedes ir (te lo prohibo)
- You have to go = tienes que irte (obligatorio)
- You don't have to go = no tienes que irte (no hace falta)
(Estos casos funcionan igual en español así que no tendrás problemas con ellos)
1- Have to: a video lesson
2- I have to: an interactive song activity
3- You gotta be: song
Report mistakesTo express obligation or strong advice in English we can use HAVE TO or MUST
MUST
This is a modal verb, so it doesn't use DO or adds an -S for the 3rd person singular of the present:
- You must stay here
- Must she come with me?
- No, she mustn't
HAVE TO
This is a normal verb, so it uses DO and has an -S in the 3rd person singular of the present.
- You have to stay here
- She has to go
- Does she have to come with me?
- No, she doesn't
In modern English, "must" and "have to" usually mean the same, so you can use both:
Sorry, I have to go = Sorry, I must go
But the verb MUST sounds stronger than HAVE TO
---- COLLOQUIAL FORMS ----
HAVE GOT TO
This form is more common in Britain. It's a normal verb, so we use DO for negatives and interrogatives
- Sorry, I've got to go
- Do you have to go now?
GOTTA
This form is more common in America.
- Sorry, I gotta go
(gotta = have got to)
NEGATIVE OPTIONS
- You mustn't tell a secret = don't tell a secret!
- You can't park here = you mustn't park here
- You shouldn't park here = it is not a good thing for you, this is my advice
Compare:
- You can go = permission (you can go if you want)
- You can't go = prohibition (stay!)
- You have to go = obligation (go!)
- You don't have to go = no obligation (you can go or you can stay)
